EGFR Mutations and Cancer
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a membrane protein that plays a central role in transmitting signals that promote cell growth and proliferation. Its tyrosine kinase (TK) domain activates several downstream effectors that lead to activation of the Ras-Raf-MAPK pathway. Overexpression and oncogenic mutations that constitutively activate the TK domain of EGFR have been found in various solid tumors. Additionally, excessive activation of EGFR has been shown to be associated with advanced stages of cancer and a poor prognosis.
Testing Procedure and Analysis
EntroGen’s EGFR mutation analysis kit is a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay that uses mutant-specific probes to identify the presence of EGFR mutations. The testing procedure involves three (3) simple steps, which can be completed in approximately 2 hours from DNA to test results:
- Isolation of DNA from tumor biopsies, paraffin-embedded sections (FFPE), fresh frozen tumors, or tumor cell lines.
- PCR setup with reagents included in the kit.
- Amplification (7 reactions per sample) and detection using a real-time PCR instrument.
Specifications
EntroGen’s EGFR mutation analysis kit detects the following EGFR mutations:
Exon 18
G719A - 2156G>C
G719S - 2155G>A
G719C - 2155G>T
Exon 19
2235-2249 del 15
2235-2252>AAT del 18
2236-2253 del 18
2237-2251 del 15
2237-2254 del 18
2237-2255>T del 19
2236-2250 del 15
2238-2255 del 18
2238-2248>GC del 11
2238-2252>GCA del 15
2239-2247 del 9
2239-2253 del 15
2239-2256 del 18
2239-2248>C del 10
2239-2258>CA del 20
2240-2251 del 12
2240-2257 del 18
2240-2254 del 15
2239-2251>C del 13
Exon 20
T790M - 2369C>T
S768I - 2303G>T
2307-2308 ins GACAACGTG
2319-2320 ins CAC
2310-2311 ins GGT
Exon 21
L858R - 2573T>G
L861Q - 2582T>A |
Limitations
EntroGen’s EGFR mutation analysis kit requires 35-70 nanograms of genomic DNA (5-10 nanograms per reaction) and can detect a mutation load of less than 1%. This sensitivity greatly depends on the extent of fragmentation and quality of the isolated DNA.
Equipment and Materials
EntroGen’s EGFR mutation analysis kit requires a real-time PCR instrument capable of detecting FAM and VIC fluorescent probes.
This test includes reagents required for the PCR amplification/detection, as well as validated reaction controls. Columns and reagents for DNA isolation are not included.
Intended Use
EntroGen’s EGFR mutation analysis kits are available for Research Use Only (RUO). Not for use in diagnostic procedures.
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Product Overview
» Detects less than 1% mutation load
» Highly sensitive and specific
» Works with FFPE, fresh frozen and FNA samples
» Simple setup and interpretation
Click here to request more information about this product.
Related Products
» K-Ras/B-Raf Mutation Analysis Kit
» B-Raf Codon 600 Mutation Analysis Kit
» ALK Resistance Mutation Analysis Kit
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